Article Sidebar

Download
PDF

Main Article Content

Abstract

The Human Development Index (HDI) provides a holistic measure of human development in a country or locality. This study aims to identify factors correlated with changes in the Human Development Index and analyze changes in the distribution of the Human Development Index in Aceh Province from 2012 to 2022. Apart from the Human Development Index as the variable used in this study, five variables are used in this study as indicators: Life Expectancy, Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP), Per Capita Expenditure, Average Years of Schooling, and Expected Years of Schooling as socioeconomic factors. This research uses an ecological study design. Data was sourced from the "Aceh in Figures" report by the Central Bureau of Statistics of Aceh Province. The statistical methods used were descriptive statistics, the Shapiro-Wilk test for normality, the Spearman test for correlation analysis, the Wilcoxon one-sample test for data distribution, and the Kruskal-Wallis test to compare distributions. Based on the correlation analysis, the study revealed that the five socioeconomic variables tested showed a significant positive correlation with changes in the HDI in Aceh Province (p-value < 0.05). In addition, the difference analysis showed a significantly different distribution of HDI across the years studied (p-value < 0.05), with a pattern of increasing HDI observed from the beginning to the end of the study period. The recommended based on finding of the study is policymakers and stakeholders focus on strategies that enhance the positive correlates identified Finally, these results provide important and structured insights into the role of factors in HDI change.

Keywords

Human Development Index Correlation test Different test Aceh Province

Article Details

License

Copyright (c) 2023 Novi Reandy Sasmita, Rahmatil Adha Phonna, Mumtaz Kemal Fikri, Mhd Khairul, Feby Apriliansyah, Ghalieb Mutig Idroes, Ayu Puspitasari, Fachri Eka Saputra

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

How to Cite
Sasmita, N. R., Phonna, R. A., Fikri, M. K., Khairul, M., Apriliansyah, F., Idroes, G. M., … Saputra, F. E. (2023). Statistical Assessment of Human Development Index Variations and Their Correlates: A Case Study of Aceh Province, Indonesia. Grimsa Journal of Business and Economics Studies, 1(1), 12–24. https://doi.org/10.61975/gjbes.v1i1.14
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
BibTeX

References

  1. Grimm M, Harttgen K, Klasen S, Misselhorn M. A Human Development Index by Income Groups. World Development 2008;36:2527–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2007.12.001.
  2. Schrott L, Gächter M, Theurl E. Regional Development in Advanced Countries: a Within-Country Application of the Human Development Index for Austria. DANUBE: Law and Economics Review 2015;6:1–23. https://doi.org/10.1515/danb-2015-0001.
  3. Biggeri M, Mauro V. Towards a more ‘Sustainable’ Human Development Index: Integrating the environment and freedom. Ecological Indicators 2018;91:220–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.03.045.
  4. Hardi I, Saputra J, Hadiyani R, Maulana ARR, Idroes GM. Decrypting the Relationship Between Corruption and Human Development: Evidence from Indonesia. Ekonomikalia Journal of Economics 2023;1:1–9. https://doi.org/10.60084/eje.v1i1.22.
  5. Choi H, Park MJ, Rho JJ. Two-dimensional approach to governmental excellence for human development in developing countries: Combining policies and institutions with e-government. Government Information Quarterly 2017;34:340–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2017.03.002.
  6. Michael B. What does Brunei teach us about using Human Development Index rankings as a policy tool? Development Policy Review 2018;36. https://doi.org/10.1111/dpr.12341.
  7. Štreimikienė D, Barakauskaitė-Jakubauskienė N. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN LITHUANIA COMPARED TO OTHER COUNTRIES. Technological and Economic Development of Economy 2012;18:588–607. https://doi.org/10.3846/20294913.2012.708676.
  8. Dasic B, Devic Z, Denic N, Zlatkovic D, Ilic ID, Cao Y, et al. Human development index in a context of human development: Review on the western Balkans countries. Brain and Behavior 2020;10. https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.1755.
  9. Ahnquist J, Wamala SP, Lindstrom M. Social determinants of health – A question of social or economic capital? Interaction effects of socioeconomic factors on health outcomes. Social Science & Medicine 2012;74:930–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.11.026.
  10. Muksalmina M, Ahmadsyah I, Dianah A. Understanding E-Money Preferences Among Students: A Case Study at FEBI UIN Ar-Raniry, Banda Aceh, Indonesia. Grimsa Journal of Business and Economics Studies 2023;1:1–11.
  11. Hardi I, Idroes GM, Hardia NAK, Fajri I, Furqan N, Noviandy TR, et al. Assessing the Linkage Between Sustainability Reporting and Indonesia’s Firm Value: The Role of Firm Size and Leverage. Indatu Journal of Management and Accounting 2023;1:21–8. https://doi.org/10.60084/ijma.v1i1.79.
  12. Noviandy TR, Idroes GM, Maulana A, Hardi I, Ringga ES, Idroes R. Credit Card Fraud Detection for Contemporary Financial Management Using XGBoost-Driven Machine Learning and Data Augmentation Techniques. Indatu Journal of Management and Accounting 2023;1:29–35. https://doi.org/10.60084/ijma.v1i1.78.
  13. Hardi I, Idroes GM, Utami RT, Dahlia P, Mirza MAF, Humam RA, et al. Dynamic Impact of Inflation and Exchange Rate in Indonesia’s Top 10 Market Capitalization Companies: Implications for Stock Prices. Indatu Journal of Management and Accounting 2023;1:51–9. https://doi.org/10.60084/ijma.v1i2.110.
  14. Idroes GM, Syahnur S, Majid MSA, Idroes R, Kusumo F, Hardi I. Unveiling the Carbon Footprint: Biomass vs. Geothermal Energy in Indonesia. Ekonomikalia Journal of Economics 2023;1:10–8. https://doi.org/10.60084/eje.v1i1.47.
  15. Hardi I, Ringga ES, Fijay AH, Maulana ARR, Hadiyani R, Idroes GM. Decomposed Impact of Democracy on Indonesia’s Economic Growth. Ekonomikalia Journal of Economics 2023;1:51–60.
  16. Idroes GM, Hardi I, Nasir M, Gunawan E, Maulidar P, Maulana ARR. Natural Disasters and Economic Growth in Indonesia. Ekonomikalia Journal of Economics 2023;1:33–9. https://doi.org/10.60084/eje.v1i1.55.
  17. Central Bureau of Statistics of Aceh Province. Aceh in Figure. Banda Aceh: Central Bureau of Statistics; 2023.
  18. Sakinah N, Ihlasia N, Nurfitra, Sagap M, Rachman R, Handayani L. Analysis of The Effect of Life Expectancy (AHH) and Per Capita Expenditure on The Human Development Index (HDI) in Central Sulawesi Province in 2019. Parameter: Journal of Statistics 2023;2:32–7. https://doi.org/10.22487/27765660.2022.v2.i3.15373.
  19. Susanto J. Infrastructure, Gross Regional Domestic Product, and Convergence of Human Development Index. Jurnal Ekonomi & Studi Pembangunan 2021;22. https://doi.org/10.18196/jesp.v22i2.7619.
  20. Grisolia G, Lucia U, Torchio MF. Sustainable Development and Workers Ability: Considerations on the Education Index in the Human Development Index. Sustainability 2022;14:8372. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14148372.
  21. Sepehrdoust H, Torkamani M, Sepehrdoust S, Solgi A, Solgi A. Impact of Human Development Indicators on Child Mortality: The Case Study of Iran. Journal of Social Sciences: Transformations & Transitions 2022. https://doi.org/10.52459/josstt23200422.
  22. Runtunuwu PCH. Analysis of Macroeconomic Indicators and It’s Effect on Human Development Index (HDI). Society 2020;8:596–610. https://doi.org/10.33019/society.v8i2.246.
  23. Sasaki D, Sofyan H, Sasmita NR, Affan M, Nizamuddin N. Assessing the Intermediate Function of Local Academic Institutions During the Rehabilitation and Reconstruction of Aceh, Indonesia. Journal of Disaster Research 2021;16:1265–73. https://doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2021.p1265.
  24. Agustia M, Noviandy TR, Maulana A, Suhendra R, Muslem M, Sasmita NR, et al. Application of Fuzzy Support Vector Regression to Predict the Kovats Retention Indices of Flavors and Fragrances. vol. 2022-Septe. 2022. https://doi.org/978-1-6654-8766-5/22/.
  25. Adhikari M, Paudel NR, Mishra SR, Shrestha A, Upadhyaya DP. Patient satisfaction and its socio-demographic correlates in a tertiary public hospital in Nepal: a cross-sectional study. BMC Health Services Research 2021;21:135. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-021-06155-3.
  26. Suhendra R, Suryadi S, Husdayanti N, Maulana A, Noviandy TR, Sasmita NR, et al. Evaluation of Gradient Boosted Classifier in Atopic Dermatitis Severity Score Classification. Heca Journal of Applied Sciences 2023;1:54–61. https://doi.org/10.60084/hjas.v1i2.85.
  27. Earlia N, Bulqiah M, Muslem M, Karma T, Suhendra R, Maulana A, et al. Protective Effects of Acehnese Traditionally Fermented Coconut Oil (Pliek U Oil) and its Residue (Pliek U) in Ointment against UV Light Exposure: Studies on Male Wistar Rat Skin (Rattus novergicus). Sains Malaysiana 2021;50:1285–95.
  28. Noviandy TR, Maulana A, Sasmita NR, Suhendra R, Irvanizam I, Muslem M, et al. The Prediction of Kovats Retention Indices of Essential Oils at Gas Chromatography Using Genetic Algorithm-Multiple Linear Regression and Support Vector Regression. Journal of Engineering Science and Technology 2022;17:306–326.
  29. Nadia Y, Ramli M, Muslem, Japnur AF, Rusyana A, Idroes GM, et al. Simple Combination Method of FTIR Spectroscopy and Chemometrics for Qualitative Identification of Cattle Bones. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2019;364:012040. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/364/1/012040.
  30. Azharuddin A, Sasmita NR, Idroes GM, Andid R, Raihan R, Fadlilah T, et al. Patient Satisfaction and its Socio-Demographic Correlates in Zainoel Abidin Hospital, Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Unnes Journal of Public Health 2023;12:57–67. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.15294/ujph.v12i2.69233.
  31. Maulana A, Noviandy TR, Idroes R, Sasmita NR, Suhendra R, Irvanizam I. Prediction of Kovats Retention Indices for Fragrance and Flavor using Artificial Neural Network. 2020 Int. Conf. Electr. Eng. Informatics, IEEE; 2020, p. 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELTICs50595.2020.9315391.
  32. Idroes R, Maulana A, Noviandy TR, Suhendra R, Sasmita NR, Lala A, et al. A Genetic Algorithm to Determine Research Consultation Schedules in Campus Environment. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2020;796:012033. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/796/1/012033.
  33. Sasmita NR, Ikhwan M, Suyanto S, Chongsuvivatwong V. Optimal control on a mathematical model to pattern the progression of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Indonesia. Global Health Research and Policy 2020;5:38. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41256-020-00163-2.
  34. Idroes R, Noviandy TR, Maulana A, Suhendra R, Sasmita NR, Muslem M, et al. Application of Genetic Algorithm-Multiple Linear Regression and Artificial Neural Network Determinations for Prediction of Kovats Retention Index. International Review on Modelling and Simulations (IREMOS) 2021;14:137. https://doi.org/10.15866/iremos.v14i2.20460.
  35. Idroes R, Noviandy TR, Maulana A, Suhendra R, Sasmita NR, Muslem M, et al. Retention Index Prediction of Flavor and Fragrance by Multiple Linear Regression and the Genetic Algorithm. International Review on Modelling and Simulations (IREMOS) 2019;12:373. https://doi.org/10.15866/iremos.v12i6.18353.
  36. Sasmita NR, Ramadeska S, Utami R, Adha Z, Putri U, Syarafina RH, et al. Maternal and Child Healthcare Services in Aceh Province, Indonesia: A Correlation and Clustering Analysis in Statistics. Infolitika Journal of Data Science 2023;1:22–31. https://doi.org/10.60084/ijds.v1i1.88.
  37. Idroes R, Noviandy TR, Maulana A, Suhendra R, Sasmita NR. ANFIS-Based QSRR Modelling for Kovats Retention Index Prediction in Gas Chromatography. Infolitika Journal of Data Science 2023;1:1–14. https://doi.org/10.60084/ijds.v1i1.73.
  38. Rachmawati R, Novita R, Erwandi E, Fitriyanin E, Idroes R, Reandy Sas N. The Effectiveness of Counseling on Complementary Food for Mothers and Supplementary Feeding for Increasing weight of Breastfed babies (12-24 Months of Age) in the Aceh Besar District of Indonesia. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 2020;19:279–84. https://doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2020.279.284.
  39. Sasmita NR, Geater AF, Kammanee A, Chongsuvivatwong V. Is The Recovery Rate In Latent Tuberculosis Infection Significant In Reducing Tuberculosis Transmission In Indonesia?: A Mathematical Model Study In Epidemiology. RSU Res. Conf. 2019, Pathum Thani, Thailand: Rangsit University; 2019, p. 101–11.
  40. Noviandy TR, Maulana A, Sasmita NR, Suhendra R, Muslem, Idroes GM, et al. The implementation of K-Means clustering in kovats retention index on gas chromatography. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2021;1087:012051. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/1087/1/012051.
  41. Idroes GM, Syahnur S, Majid SA, Sasmita NR, Idroes R. Provincial economic level analysis in Indonesia based on the geothermal energy potential and growth regional domestic products using cluster analysis. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2021;1087:012079. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/1087/1/012079.
  42. Mat Roni S, Merga MK, Morris JE. Analysis: Difference Between Groups. Conduct. Quant. Res. Educ., Singapore: Springer Singapore; 2020, p. 65–110. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9132-3_6.
  43. Bensken WP, Ho VP, Pieracci FM. Basic Introduction to Statistics in Medicine, Part 2: Comparing Data. Surgical Infections 2021;22:597–603. https://doi.org/10.1089/sur.2020.430.
  44. Jalil SA, Kamaruddin MN. Examining the Relationship Between Human Development Index and Socio-Economic Variables: A Panel Data Analysis. Journal of International Business, Economics and Entrepreneurship 2018;3:37. https://doi.org/10.24191/jibe.v3i2.14431.
  45. Paliova I, McNown R, Nülle G. Multiple Dimensions of Human Development Index and Public Social Spending for Sustainable Development. IMF Working Papers 2019;19. https://doi.org/10.5089/9781513511924.001.
  46. Girum T, Muktar E, Shegaze M. Determinants of life expectancy in low and medium human development index countries. Medical Studies 2018;34:218–25. https://doi.org/10.5114/ms.2018.78685.
  47. Merkulova E, Kondrakov O, Menshchikova V, Vertakova Y. Impact of energetics development on the sustainability of the regional economy. E3S Web of Conferences 2019;110:02105. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911002105.
  48. Shavkidinova D, Suyunova F, Kholdarova J. Education Is An Important Factor In Human And Country Development. Current Research Journal of Pedagogics 2023;04:27–34. https://doi.org/10.37547/pedagogics-crjp-04-01-04.
  49. Raghupathi V, Raghupathi W. Healthcare Expenditure and Economic Performance: Insights From the United States Data. Frontiers in Public Health 2020;8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00156.
  50. Shkolnikov VM, Andreev EM, Tursun-zade R, Leon DA. Patterns in the relationship between life expectancy and gross domestic product in Russia in 2005–15: a cross-sectional analysis. The Lancet Public Health 2019;4:e181–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(19)30036-2.
  51. Shi Z, Tang X. Exploring the New Era: An Empirical Analysis of China’s Regional HDI Development. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade 2020;56:1957–70. https://doi.org/10.1080/1540496X.2019.1684255.
  52. Hoa PT, Liem LT, Phuoc NK. Human development index impact on economic growth. Hcmcoujs - Economics And Business Administration 2020;6. https://doi.org/10.46223/HCMCOUJS.econ.en.6.1.106.2016.
  53. Yorulmaz Ö. Assesing the Effects of Various Socio-Economic and Health Indicators on HDI Country Categories. Alphanumeric Journal 2016;4. https://doi.org/10.17093/aj.2016.4.1.5000171922.
  54. Khairul Muluk MR, Wahyudi LE. Key Success in Fostering Human Development Index at the Local Level. Otoritas : Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan 2022;12:128–41. https://doi.org/10.26618/ojip.v12i2.7665.